Citrullus colocynthis contained carbohydrate, protein, separated amino acid, tannins, saponins, phenolics, flavanoids, flavone glucosides, terpenoids, alkaloids, anthranol, steroids, cucurbitacins, saponarin, cardic glycoloids. Phytochemical investigation, antioxidant and wound healing. The article also presents some of the functions of the chemicals present and attempt to emphasize and create an awareness of the great potential of citrullus colocynthis as a source of. It is a highly cultivated fruit worldwide, having more than varieties watermelon is a scrambling and trailing vine in the flowering plant family cucurbitaceae. Citrullus colocynthis, pharmacology, constituent, pharmacognosy i. Buy now add to cart add to wishlist add to inquiry download page as pdf. It is an annual plant resembling the common watermelon. Metabolite profiling of citrullus colocynthis identified 70 chemically diverse metabolites from different plant parts by using a combination of gcms and. Colocynth citrullus colocynthis uses, dosage, side effects. A doubleblind randomized placebocontrolled clinical trial.
Acute toxicity study on citrullus colocynthis fruit. Several studies on this plant reported and focused on the biological and toxicological profile of fruits pulp. Pdf medicinal utility of melon citrullus colocynthis l. Based on the above findings, the researchers agreed that citrullus colocynthis is suitable for use as an antiinflammatory agent. The present study investigates the potential role of medicinal plants citrullus colocynthis and tephrosia apollinea in ameliorating the oxidative stress developed during the generation of reactive oxygen species. Cct fruits extract against cyclophosphamide cpinduced dna damage in mice bone marrow cells was evaluated using micronucleus assay, as an index of induced chromosomal damage.
Citrullus colocynthis plant has a strong laxative property and application of high dosages of this herbal drug can cause diarrhea, painful cramps, and bloody diarrhea in humans. Schrader, among the plants growing in the egyptoarabian 4. Current situation of micronutrient deficiencies in west africa pdf. The present study focused on the cytotoxic and genotoxic potency of aqueous leaves extract of this plant. Colocynthis homaccord fda prescribing information, side. Colocynth indravaruni, bitter apple is a great herbal plant with many useful properties. The fruits of citrullus colocynthis have traditionally been used for the treatment of diseases such as. Citrullus colocynthis, also known as bitter cucumber, is a fruitbearing plant sometimes used medicinally citrullus colocynthis is used to treat diabetes, since it may be able to induce insulin secretion from the pancreas after supplementation, while reducing blood glucose and improving lipid levels preliminary evidence suggests a topical application of citrullus colocynthis may stimulate. This plant tends to control kapha and pitta doshas. Organic extracts of different organs leaf, stem and root of these medicinal plants obtained in nhexane, chloroform, nbutanol and water were assayed for radical.
Pdf the present study reveals the medicinal uses, chemical compositions and examines recent. Many have been under taken on laboratory animals to. Citrullus colocynthis, with many common names including colocynth, bitter apple, bitter. It is recognized by different pharmacologic activities in traditional iranian medicine tim i. Its botanical name is citrullus colocynthis and it belongs to cucurbitacae family. Uses dried pulp of unripe fruit is used medicinally for its drastic purgative and hydragogue cathartic action on the intestinal tract. Taking even very small amounts of colocynth can cause severe irritation of the stomach and intestine lining, bloody diarrhea, kidney damage, bloody urine, and inability to urinate. Descriptionthe colocynth collected from the maritime plain between the mountains of palestine and the mediterranean, is mainly shipped from jaffa and known as turkish colocynth. Citrullus colocynthis is a folk medicinal plant of saudi arabia.
The plant is cultivated in europe for ornamental purposes. Citrullus colocynthis, with many common names including colocynth, bitter apple, bitter cucumber, desert gourd, citation needed egusi, vine of sodom, or wild gourd, is a desert viny plant native to the mediterranean basin and asia, especially turkey especially in regions such as izmir, and nubia it resembles a common watermelon vine, but bears small, hard fruits with a bitter pulp. Introduction the use of plants for medicinal purposes has been. Cucurbitaceae is an iranian medicinal plant that has traditionally been used as an abortifacient and to treat constipation, oedema, bacterial infections, cancer and diabetes. Citrullus colocynthis is a medicinal plant that has anticancer property mediated by apoptosis. The main clinical feature was acute rectorrhagia preceeded by mucosal diarrhea with tenesmus, which gradually progressed to bloody diarrhea and overt rectorrhagia within 3 to 4 hours. It is very good for all kinds of painful conditions including. Names of bitter apple in various languages of the world are also given. There is evidence from seeds in pharaoh tombs of watermelon cultivation in ancient. The fruit pulp of colocynth has medicinal properties while the seeds have nutritive qualities. Evaluation of bitter apple citrullus colocynthis l.
Citrullus colocynthis as the cause of acute rectorrhagia hindawi. The folk medicinal use as a broadspectrum antimicrobial agent is validated. The cucurbitaceae consists of many important food plants such as melon, pumpkin, squash, cucumber. Introduction world health organization survey indicated that about 7080% of the worlds population rely on nonconventional medicine, mainly of herbal sources, in their primary healthcare. It was banned by the food and drug administration in 1991 taking even very small amounts of colocynth can cause severe irritation of the stomach and intestine lining, bloody diarrhea, kidney damage, bloody urine, and inability to urinate. When the fruit is ripe its pulp dries to form a powder used as a bitter medicine and drastic purgative. The leading symptoms of the remedy include a tendency to pentup emotions, especially anger, restlessness with pain and an aversion to talking, answering or having much contact with people at all. Bitter apple herb uses, benefits, cures, side effects. They are native in most countries of the world, especially in the tropics, where they are cultivated in every country, state, and province.
Citrullus colocynthis as the cause of acute rectorrhagia. Citrullus colocynthis schrad, aqueous extract, acetone extract, antibacterial, anticandidal, iran. Possible genoprotective effect of citrullus colocynthis l. This paper will highlight the chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of citrullus colocynthis. This plant is a droughttolerant species with deep root system, widely distributed in the saharaarabian region in africa and the mediterranean region dane. Watermelon citrullus lanatus is a plant species in the family cucurbitaceae, a vinelike flowering plant originally domesticated in west africa. Patients and herbalists should be acquainted with the proper use and side. The stems are herbaceous and beset with rough hairs. The second edition of an excellent guide to the edible uses of plants, though it does not give any details of cultivation etc. The present study reveals the medicinal uses, chemical compositions and examines recent investigations on the therapeutic activities of extracts and chemicals identified from citrullus colocynthis. These plants have lemonsized fruits which are known for their medicinal properties. Mice were preadministered with different doses of cct via intraperitoneal injection for 7 consecutive days followed by injection with. Other side effects include convulsions, paralysis, and death. The cucurbitaceae family commonly known as the gourd family is an excellent example of a plant family with many economically useful species.
Citrullus colocynthis fruits are usually recognized for its wide range of medicinal uses as well as pharmaceutical and nutraceutical potential. As part of our ongoing studies on iranian medicinal plants, thorough phytochemical investigation was carried out on this plant. Pdf chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of. Colocynthis, bitter apple, bitter cucumber, colocynth. Schrad is a valuable plants from cucurbitaceae family, widely distributed in the barren region, is a nonhardy, herbaceous perennial vine, branched from the base 4. The authors suggested that combining the use of reflective mulch and host plant resistance could additively suppress whitefly infestation. Citrullus colocynthis fruits are generally documented for its broad range of pharmaceutical uses as well as medicinal and. Citrullus colocynthis supplement health benefits, dosage. In general, homeopathic drugs are not known to cause direct or indirect harm to the fetus. The bitter taste and the powerful medicinal virtues of the pulp are due to the presence of a probably amorphous glucosid colocynthin, first identified and named by meissner and by vauquelin 1818, and later. Citrullus colocynthis fruits are usually recognized for its wide received in revised form range of medicinal uses as well as pharmaceutical and nutraceutical. Anticandidal screening and antibacterial of citrullus.
The species is monoecious individual flowers are either male or female, but both sexes can be found on the same plant and. Biological activities citrullus colocynthis is useful medicinal. Cucurbitacins have been reported as the main chemical constituents of citrullus colocynthis fruits. Schrad cucurbitaceae family, commonly known as bitter apple, is used as a medicinal plant in the pharmaceutical industry hussain et al. The fruit pulp of colocynth has medicinal properties while the seeds have. Schrad is a valuable cucurbit plant, widely distributed in the desert areas of the world. Uses, benefits, cures, side effects, nutrients in bitter apple. Anticonvulsant activity of hydroalcoholic extract of citrullus. How bitter apple is effective for various diseases is listed in repertory format. Bitter apple scientific name the scientific name for this plant is citrullus colocynthis.
It was always known as a toxic gourd but was turned to as a food in desperate times. Bitter apple common names bitter apple trees are also known by a host of common. It was banned by the food and drug administration fda in 1991. This study was carried out in human breast cancer cell growth.
Citrullus colocynthis is a rich source of secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, sterols, saponins, steroids, terpenes and flavonoids prepared in different solvents has been reported by various workers sultan et al. There have been reports of death following ingestion of just. Chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of citrullus. Topical citrullus colocynthis bitter apple extract oil in painful diabetic neuropathy. Four patients with colocynth intoxication are presented. Therapeutic effects of citrullus colocynthis fruit in. This powder is so inflammable that the arabs collect it to use as kindling. Citrullus colocynthis contained carbohydrate, protein, separated amino acid, tannins, saponins, phenolics, flavanoids, flavone glucosides, terpenoids. The bitter apple is a vinelike plant commonly found in asia and the mediterranean basin. Chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of. Citrullus colocynthis an overview sciencedirect topics.
1115 657 1442 1328 1160 499 1435 1266 437 22 194 936 954 665 973 1430 1010 600 412 1343 899 1035 225 1073 1510 1174 1272 287 1191 1342 1456 1158 1231 136 178 1321 535 1189 1439 1329 970 955 635 759